DOWNLOAD: "Science & Technology" CBSE ebooks

List of Free Science & Technology Books from NCERT. These books are helpful in your prepration of the IAS Exams. You can Download these books free of cost.

Class X General Sciences (Science & Technology)

Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
Chapter 15
Chapter 16
Answer

Fundamentals of Protein Structure and Function

Book Description
Textbook for courses at both graduate and undergraduate level. Also for related courses in biochemistry, biochemistry lab, and methods. Contains comprehensive analytical description of structure, biophysics, and function of proteins. Also summarizes the techniques used to characterize protein and protein interactions.

Product Details
* Hardcover: 368 pages
* Publisher: Springer; 1 edition (September 13, 2007)
* Language: English
* ISBN-10: 0387263527
* ISBN-13: 978-0387263526

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DNA - The Secret of Life - Watson, James

It's a must. If you are new to the subject, start here.

Also, there is print version with a very better quality than the pdf file, so, buy it!

The man has 82 years old and is one of the father of function and structure of the DNA.  Hope you enjoy it.

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Immunization Safety Review: Hepatitis B Vaccine and Demyelinating Neurological Disorders

Immunization Safety Review: Hepatitis B Vaccine and Demyelinating Neurological Disorders [ILLUSTRATED] by Immunization Safety Review Committee (Author), Kathleen Stratton (Editor), Donna Almario (Editor), Marie C. McCormick (Editor)

Product Details
* Paperback: 120 pages
* Publisher: National Academies Press; illustrated edition October 17, 2002)
* Language: English
* ISBN-10: 0309084695

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The ELISA Guidebook: Second Edition

The ELISA Guidebook: Second Edition

(Methods in Molecular Biology)
by John R. Crowther (Author)

Product Details
*  Hardcover: 568 pages
* Publisher: Humana Press; 2nd edition (December 19, 2008)
* Language: English
* ISBN-10: 1603272534

Book Description
The Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) continues, as predicted, to be the predominant assay used in biomedical and agricultural research.

While little has changed in the principles of the ELISAs used since the publication of The ELISA Guidebook, many technological advantages, including the increasing number of reagents available for exploitation and the larger spectrum of instruments to measure the colored products of ELISAs, have greatly benefited the field.

Other testing technologies using molecular techniques, predominantly the conventional and more and more often, real time PCR, are rapidly evolving to help diagnose and differentiate disease agents and identify substances present in exquisitely small amounts.

The ELISA is still needed either alone in mass screening, such as serological assays, or used in tandem with molecular techniques to fully evaluate the molecular and antigenic nature of analytes.

John R. Crowther provides today’s premier practical guide to the understanding and application of ELISA. This Edition enlarges on charting methods for assessing the indirect ELISA, ruggedness and robustness of tests, aspects of kit use and validation, and internal quality control and external quality management of data.

The author describes each method in great detail to ensure experimental success and includes advice on equipment choice, maintenance, and calibration. Wherever possible, helpful written explanations are provided along with copious diagrams.

With its numerous worked examples, detailed instructions, and extensive illustrations, The ELISA Guidebook, Second Edition offers a powerful synthesis of all the basic concepts and practical experimental details investigators need to understand, develop, and apply ELISA methodology successfully in day-to-day basic and clinical research.

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DOWNLOAD: Understanding Nutrition 11th Edition

Ellie Whitney, Sharon Rady Rolfes - Understanding Nutrition 11th Edition
Wadsworth Publishing | 2007 | ISBN: 0495116696 | Pages: 720 | PDF | 104.91 MB

This is the most widely used introductory nutrition text used by students from around the world and you will see that it's a text worth keeping! Not only will this best-selling book help you excel in your nutrition course, Whitney and Rolfes' UNDERSTANDING NUTRITION will also guide you in applying the most current nutrition research and show the relevance to your own life. UNDERSTANDING NUTRITION is at the forefront of the latest advances in human nutrition-helping you understand what the scientific facts tell us about human nutrition and health. Ellie Whitney and Sharon Rady Rolfes begin with the basics-an introduction to the nutrients;and then guide you through every important topic covered in today's nutrition courses. Linked chapter by chapter to the CengageNOW, a new online resource that provides you with PERSONALIZED STUDY tools, Thomson Audio Study Products, animations that clarify complex processes, and much more, this Eleventh Edition of UNDERSTANDING NUTRITION features everything you need to keep on top of this quickly evolving field.

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DOWNLOAD: Schaum's Outline of Biology, Third Edition

George H. Fried, .. "Schaum's Outline of Biology, Third Edition"
July 2009 | English | ISBN-13: 978-0-07-162561-6 | 474 Pages | PDF | 6.92 MB


Fortunately for you, there's Schaum's Outlines. More than 40 million students have trusted Schaum's to help them succeed in the classroom and on exams. Schaum's is the key to faster learning and higher grades in every subject. Each Outline presents all the essential course information in an easy-to-follow, topic-by-topic format. You also get hundreds of examples, solved problems, and practice exercises to test your skills.

This Schaum's Outline gives you:

* Practice problems with full explanations that reinforce knowledge
* Coverage of the most up-to-date developments in your course field
* In-depth review of practices and applications

Fully compatible with your classroom text, Schaum's highlights all the important facts you need to know. Use Schaum's to shorten your study time-and get your best test scores!

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Microbiology ebook for free download

Microbiology is the study microorganisms and their survival. this ebook is prepared for student student study material. This ebook is designed for who studying B.S.c & M.Sc. students (According to Andhra University syllabus). just download and learn more.

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Download Biology NCERT (CBSE) text book

Download the books chapter wise.

DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD

Chapter 1 THE LIVING WORLD

Chapter 2 BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION

Chapter 3 PLANT KINGDOM

Chapter 4 ANIMAL KINGDOM

STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Chapter 5 MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

Chapter 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

Chapter 7 STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS

CELL: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS

Chapter 8 CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

Chapter 9 BIOMOLECULES

Chapter 10 CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Chapter 11 TRANSPORT IN PLANTS

Chapter 12 MINERAL NUTRITION

Chapter 13 PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS

Chapter 14 RESPIRATION IN PLANTS

Chapter 15 PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

Chapter 16 DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

Chapter 17 BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

Chapter 18 BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

Chapter 19 EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION

Chapter 20 LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT

Chapter 21 NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION

Chapter 22 CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND INTEGRATION

How to download CBSE Class Textbooks (NCERT Textbooks)?

Find below the steps to browse and read the CBSE Class Textbooks Online or download them on to your PC.

• Go to NCERT website here
• On the above mentioned page, select the CBSE Class, Subject and Book Title
• The selected textbook will be displayed

• Click on the textbook and the entire book will be opened in PDF format
• Click on the Save icon to save the book to the computer or any other media location

You can even choose to print the entire textbook. You can also open and save only a particular chapter of the CBSE textbook.

Enjoy reading NCERT textbooks online!!!

For Biology Books just visit here

BIOLOGY Textbooks XI

Low-Fat Fried Food? Food Chemist Develops Protein-Based Batter for Healthier Frying

Deep-fried fish could get healthier with a new protein-based batter extracted from the muscle of discarded fish parts. When coated onto the fish it forms a barrier, locking in taste and moisture while blocking out fat.

GLOUCESTER, Mass.--Low-fat, fried food sounds like a contradiction, but those types of products may soon be popping up at your local grocer.

Fish sticks slathered in oil and deep-fried are tasty, but the after-effects can take a toll on your waistline. The love affair with food usually ends when it's time to weigh in. Now, a new discovery may tip the scales in your favor when it comes to eating some of your favorite fried foods.

Stephen Kelleher, a food chemist at Proteus Industries in Gloucester, Mass., says, "People like fried food, but there's a lot of bad things associated with fried food." Understanding the bittersweet fondness for fried cuisine, Kelleher invented a way to cook low-fat, fried food.

The protein solution is extracted from fish muscle. When coated onto the fish it forms a barrier, locking in taste and moisture, but blocking out fat and carbohydrates.

"These protein molecules after we treat them and extract them the way we do, they form these very, very, micro-thin films that -- when they are sprayed onto the surface -- become this invisible, impenetrable, film that forms on the surface," Kelleher says.

The protein molecules go through a treatment process. Water and other ingredients are filtered then added to the batter. Kelleher says the finished product has 25-percent to 75-percent less fat. Plus the added protein cuts down the carbohydrates by 15 percent.

When put to the test, comparing traditional fried batter to the special protein coating, both food tasters agreed there was nothing fishy about the low-fat, fried meal.

The process is FDA approved and can be used to fry low-fat chicken, too. They are also testing the application on other foods, like potato chips.

BACKGROUND: A chemist has created a protein solution that can be used to coat chicken. When the chicken is then deep-fried, it contains 50 percent less fat than if it had been deep-fried without the coating.

HOW IT WORKS: Chicken is bathed in a liquid of water and protein molecules that have been taken from a slurry of chicken or fish tissue. This forms a thin shield around the meat, and when it is then submerged in oil, the coating keeps fat from being absorbed from the fryer.

GOOD FATS VS. BAD FATS: Fats should account for no more than 30 percent of the total calories we consume, but good health also depends on whether those are "good" fats or "bad" fats. Mono-unsaturated fats, like olive oil and canola oil, are considered good because they can help lower cholesterol. Saturated (animal) fats are thought of as bad because they clog the arteries. A third type of fat is made when corn oil or other fats that are usually liquid at room temperature are solidified through heating. This type of partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, called trans fatty acid, is a main ingredient in vegetable shortening and margarine. It is the worst kind of fat. In the body, the enzymes responsible for processing fats have trouble breaking down trans fatty acids and spend so much time trying to do so that it interferes with the processing of essential fatty acids.

WHAT ARE EFAs? There are two types of essential fatty acids (EFAs): Omega-3 and Omega-6. Omega-3 fatty acids are found in foods like fish, flax and pumpkin seeds, and walnuts. Omega-6 fatty acids can be found in corn oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil, for example. EFAs have been shown to protect against heart disease, but the body can't make them, so we must consume them in food. Ideally, these should be balanced in the diet at a ratio of 2-to-1; in most Western diets, that ratio is 20-to-1.

WHERE THE BODY STORES FAT: Men and women store fat differently because they have difference sex hormones: testosterone and estrogen. Adult men store fat in the chest, abdomen, and buttocks, producing an apple shape. Adult women carry fat in the breasts, hips, waist and buttocks, creating a pear shape.

Fish Oil Given Intravenously to Patients in Intensive Care Has Many Benefits, Study Finds

A randomized controlled trial of fish oil given intravenously to patients in intensive care has found that it improves gas exchange, reduces inflammatory chemicals and results in a shorter length of hospital stay.

Researchers writing in BioMed Central's open access journal Critical Care investigated the effects of including fish oil in the normal nutrient solution for patients with sepsis, finding a significant series of benefits.

Philip Calder, from the University of Southampton, UK, worked with a team of researchers to carry out the study in 23 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis in the Hospital Padre Américo, Portugal. He said, "Recently there has been increased interest in the fat and oil component of vein-delivered nutrition, with the realization that it not only supplies energy and essential building blocks, but may also provide bioactive fatty acids. Traditional solutions use soybean oil, which does not contain the omega-3 fatty acids contained in fish oil that act to reduce inflammatory responses. In fact, soybean oil is rich in omega-6 acids that may actually promote inflammation in an excessive or unbalanced supply."

Calder and his colleagues found that the 13 patients in the fish oil group had lower levels of inflammatory agents in their blood, were able to achieve better lung function and left hospital earlier than the 10 patients who received traditional nutrition.

According to Calder, "This is the first study of this particular fish oil solution in septic patients in the ICU. The positive results are important since they indicate that the use of such an emulsion in this group of patients will improve clinical outcomes, in comparison with the standard mix."

Tobacco Smoke Causes Lung Inflammation, Promotes Lung Cancer Growth

Repeated exposure to tobacco smoke makes lung cancer much worse, and one reason is that it steps up inflammation in the lung. Scientists at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have found that mice with early lung cancer lesions that were repeatedly exposed to tobacco smoke developed larger tumors -- and developed tumors more quickly -- than unexposed animals. The key contributing factor was lung tissue inflammation.

The results of their study, to be published January 19 in the journal Cancer Cell, provide definitive evidence for the role of lung inflammation brought on by chronic exposure to tobacco smoke in promoting lung cancer growth.

The findings also establish new lung cancer models, provide insights into both the development and growth of lung cancer, and suggest the possibility of using anti-inflammatory agents to prevent or slow lung cancer progression, said Michael Karin, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Pharmacology and Pathology at the UC San Diego School of Medicine, who led the work.

"We've shown for the first time that tobacco smoke is a tumor promoter -- not only a tumor initiator -- and that it works through inflammation," said Karin, director of the Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction and a member of the Moores UCSD Cancer Center. "Other particulate materials, such as fine silicon dust, asbestos and coal dust, may promote lung cancer development through similar mechanisms.

Such substances were never found to induce mutations, which are the essence of tumor formation. More research is needed to explore the role and biochemical mechanisms of exposure to pro-inflammatory substances in the environment in early stages of cancer development."

Lung cancer killed nearly 160,000 Americans in 2009, according to the American Cancer Society, making it the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women.

It's well known that tobacco smoke can cause cancer-inducing mutations and other types of lung disease, as well as pulmonary inflammation. Karin's team wanted to know whether tobacco smoke could actively promote tumor growth once the cancerous process began and, if so, whether the tumor-promoting ability of tobacco smoke was due to inflammation.

Karin and his group initiated lung tumors in mice, either by giving them a chemical carcinogen or by introducing a mutated gene, KRAS, into their genome. The mice were then intermittently exposed to tobacco smoke. The researchers found that exposure to smoke enhanced tumor formation, causing larger tumors that grew more quickly than those in mice that were not exposed.

To determine a smoke-inflammation relationship, they inactivated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) -- a transcription factor known to be a common link between inflammation and cancer -- in immune cells called macrophages and neutrophils, and found that this inhibited smoke-promoted tumor development in both chemically and genetically induced lung cancers in mice. Inactivation of NF-κB in macrophages and neutrophils also prevented smoke-induced lung inflammation.

Short-term tobacco smoke exposure in mice may turn on certain biochemical signals -- a pair of "signaling pathways" called IKKβ and JNK. This, in turn, ramps up the production of inflammatory substances, promoting tumor growth, Karin said. In addition to providing a more complete explanation for the cancer-causing ability of tobacco smoke, this work suggests new avenues for lung cancer prevention and treatment.

"If scientists can look in lung cancer tumor tissue samples and see that inflammation markers -- such as NF-κB, IL-6 and TNF, which we found in mice -- are also present in human lung cancer, we can then build a strong case for the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to treat patients who have been diagnosed in the early stage of lung cancer," said contributor David H. Broide, MD, UCSD Professor of Medicine.

Additional contributors include Hiroyuki Takahashi, UC San Diego School of Medicine and the University of Tokyo Hospital; and Hisanobu Ogata and Reiko Nishigaki, UC San Diego School of Medicine.

This study was funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, including the Superfund Research Program and Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program, and the Japanese Respiratory Society and Kanzawa Medical Research Foundation. Karin is an American Cancer Society Research Professor.

Deadly Scorpion Provides Safe Pesticide

Scorpions deliver a powerful, paralyzing venom -- a complex cocktail of poisonous peptides -- that immobilize animal prey on the spot. Some of the toxins in this cocktail damage only insects, which is why a Tel Aviv University researcher is harnessing them to create a safe and ecologically sound pesticide.

Prof. Michael Gurevitz of Tel Aviv University's Department of Plant Sciences has isolated the genetic sequences for important neurotoxins in the scorpion venom. He's also developed methods to produce and manipulate toxins to restrict their toxicity in certain insects or mammals.

"Two decades ago I realized that scorpion venom is a goldmine for possible insecticidal and therapeutic agents. This raised the question of how to use them as ecologically-safe agents against insects in a farmer's fields, or in medicinal disorders," he says.

In his study of the toxins and the evolution of their genes he recently published a paper in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution that demonstrates how computational analyses at the gene sequence level leads to better understanding of how to manipulate toxin activity.

A venom factory in the lab

Rather than isolating the venom constituents of the Israeli yellow scorpion, known to be among the world's most poisonous scorpions, Prof. Gurevitz developed genetic methods for producing and manipulating the desired toxins in bacteria. He then investigated how they act against insects and mammals, paving the way for potential use in the agriculture industry.

He went in this direction because attempts to insert a certain neurotoxin gene into a plant genome hoping for the plant to produce the toxin and kill infesting insects has failed. As a peptide, the toxin was metabolized in the insect guts, which evidently seems to require that it first be engineered to be able to penetrate into the insect blood stream to have its impact on the nervous system.

Prof. Gurevitz says that some neurotoxins in the scorpion are highly active against some insects -- leaf-eating moths, locusts, flies and beetles -- but have no effect on beneficial insects like honeybees or on mammals like humans. He continues to pursue an effective mode of delivery for what could be a new insecticide.

Prof. Gurevitz is considered one of the world's pioneers in this field, having published numerous papers on this subject. He spent six years as a research fellow at Washington University in St. Louis and Michigan State University, beginning his scorpion studies while an M.Sc. student in Jerusalem 35 years ago. Since then, he's developed methods of toxin gene cloning, production and modification in his lab, paving the way for an entirely new molecular field based on the venom of the deadly insect.

A "Trojan crop" to hide a deadly poison

Since scorpion toxins must be modified to be able to penetrate the blood stream of an infesting insect, it is important to study the toxins and the way they interact with the insect nervous system. Only then would it be possible to modify them in such a way as to reach their target tissues in insects, he says. This is the direction he is working on now.

The agriculture industry already uses mostly pyrethroids, which also penetrate into insects and attack their nervous systems, leading to paralysis and death. Their main drawback, however, is the lack of specificity and the danger these compounds pose to the environment, livestock and humans.

"Why not harness potent natural compounds that venomous animals developed during millions of years of evolution?" asks Prof. Gurevitz. "I am developing the science so we can learn how to use them, and to learn how to produce agents to mimic their effect yet maintain specificity to certain kinds of insects."

Source: sciencedaily

GRE-Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Test Practice Book

There are number of books are available on Online ebook libraries, but some are confusing our knowledge. so i am suggesting to biochemistry people to read this amazing self test book and improve your analysis.

The title of the book is

"Biochemistry,
Cell and Molecular Biology"
Test Practice Book

This practice book contains

• one actual full-length GRE Biochemistry,
• Cell and Molecular Biology Test,
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Photosynthesis is the process of cooking food materials in all green plants

We now turn to another reaction sequence in which the flow of electrons is coupled to the synthesis of ATP: light-driven phosphorylation. The capture of solar energy by photosynthetic organisms and its conversion to the chemical energy of reduced organic compounds is the ultimate source of nearly all biological energy.

Photosynthetic and heterotrophic organisms live in a balanced steady state in the biosphere. Photosynthetic organisms trap solar energy and form ATP and NADPH, which they use as energy sources to make carbohydrates and other organic compounds from CO2 and H2O; simultaneously, they release O2 into the atmosphere.

Aerobic heterotrophs (humans, for example, as well as plants during dark periods) use the O2 so formed to degrade the energy-rich organic products of photosynthesis to CO2 and H2O, generating ATP. The CO2 returns to the atmosphere, to be used again by photosynthetic organisms. Solar energy thus provides the driving force for the continuous cycling of CO2 and O2 through the biosphere and provides the reduced substrates—fuels, such as glucose— on which nonphotosynthetic organisms depend.

Photosynthesis occurs in a variety of bacteria and in unicellular eukaryotes (algae) as well as in vascular plants. Although the process in these organisms differs in detail, the underlying Mechanisms are remarkably similar, and much of our understanding of photosynthesis in vascular plants is derived from studies of simpler organisms. The overall equation for photosynthesis in vascular plants describes an oxidation-reduction reaction in which H2O donates electrons (as hydrogen) for the reduction of CO2 to carbohydrate (CH2O.

Download the study material of the Nucleic acids

This is useful for who are preparing for all life science related competitive examinations.

Download the file from here click here

Nucleic Acids are phosphate rich substances

The nucleic acid is the molecular repositories for genetic information. The storage of biological information is the only known function of DNA and is jointly referred to as molecules of heredity.The structure of every protein and every cell constituent is the product of information programmed into the nucleotide sequence of cells nucleic acid (DNA).The amino acid sequence of every protein and the nucleotide sequence of every RNA molecule in a cell are separated by that of cells DNA. The necessary protein (or) RNA sequence information is found in corresponding nucleotide sequence in the DNA.

Download the study material of the Nucleic acids

this is useful for who are preparing for all life science related competititive examinations.

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IISc Biological Sciences Research Entrance Paper-2009

Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore

Programme : Research

Entrance paper : Biological Science

Year : 2009

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GATE- XL-Life Sciences Previous Papers 2006

Graduated Aptitude Test in Engineering Examinations

GATE Previous Papers - 2006

XL-Life Sciences

Chemistry (Compulsory) -- 2006
Biochemistry -------------- 2006
Biotechnology ------------- 2006
Botany -------------------- 2006
Microbiology -------------- 2006
Zoology ------------------- 2006

Download the GATE XL previous paers by clicking the above links. thesea are PDF documents. plz use Adobe reader software.

GATE- XL-Life Sciences Previous Papers 2007

Graduated Aptitude Test in Engineering Examinations

GATE Previous Papers - 2007

XL-Life Sciences

Chemistry (Compulsory) -- 2007
Biochemistry -------------- 2007
Biotechnology ------------- 2007
Botany -------------------- 2007
Microbiology -------------- 2007
Zoology ------------------- 2007

Download the GATE XL previous paers by clicking the above links. thesea are PDF documents. plz use Adobe reader software.

GATE XL-Life Sciences Previous Papers 2008

Graduated Aptitude Test in Engineering Examinations

GATE Previous Papers - 2008

XL-Life Sciences

Chemistry (Compulsory) -- 2008
Biochemistry -------------- 2008
Biotechnology ------------- 2008
Botany -------------------- 2008
Microbiology -------------- 2008
Zoology ------------------- 2008

Download the GATE XL previous paers by clicking the above links. thesea are PDF documents. plz use Adobe reader software.